European Journal of Integrative Medicine
Volume 1, Issue 1 , Pages 3-7 , April 2009

Religion, medical science, and the rise of subjectivity

,Accepted 19 February 2009.

References 

  1. Harris Interactive. More Americans believe in the devil, hell and angels than in Darwin's theory of evolution, 2008.
  2. Berkman MB, Pacheco JS, Plutzer E. Evolution and creationism in America's classrooms: a national portrait. PLoS Biol. 2008;6(5):e124
  3. Gunther M. God and business. Forbes. 2001;144:58–80
  4. Dossey L. The extraordinary healing power of ordinary things. New York City: Harmony Books; 2006;
  5. Koenig HG. The healing power of faith. New York: Simon & Schuster; 1999;
  6. Koenig HG. Spirituality and patient care: why, how, when, and what. West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Foundation Press; 2002;
  7. Koenig HG, Cohen HJ. The link between religion and health. New York: Oxford University Press; 2002;
  8. Koenig HG, McCullough ME, Larson DB. Handbook of religion and health. New York: Oxford; 2001;
  9. Levin J. God, faith, and health. New York: Wiley; 2001;
  10. Matthews DA, Clark C. The faith factor. New York: Viking; 1998;
  11. Puchalski CM. Spirituality and medicine: curricula in medical education. J Cancer Educ. 2006;21(1):14–18[Review]
  12. Miller WR, Thoresen CE. Spirituality, religion, and health: an emerging research field. Am Psychol. 2003;58(1):24–35
  13. Curlin FA, Sellergren SA, Lantos JD, Chin MH. Physicians’ observations and interpretations of the influence of religion and spirituality on health. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(7):649–654
  14. Larimore WL. Providing basic spiritual care for patients: should it be the exclusive domain of pastoral professionals?. Am Fam Physician. 2001;63(36):8–40
  15. Wills G. The day the enlightenment went out. New York Times (November 4). New York: New York Times; 2004;
  16. Hofstadter R. Anti-Intellectualism in American Life. New York: Knopf; 1963;
  17. White C. Hot air gods. Harpers. 2007;13–15
  18. Kaminer W. Sleeping with extra-terrestrials. New York: Vintage Books; 1999;
  19. National Geographic . National geographic-roper public affairs. 2006 geographic literacy study. New York: National Geographic Education Foundation; 2006;
  20. National Science Board . Science and engineering indicators. 2008 (1). Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation; 2008;
  21. Sloan RP, Bagiella E, Powell T. Religion, spirituality, and medicine. Lancet. 1999;353:664–667
  22. Powell LH, Shahabi L, Thoresen CE. Religion and spirituality. Linkages to physical health. Am Psychol. 2003;58:36–52
  23. Koenig HG, Hays JC, Larson DB, George LK, Cohen HJ, McCullough ME, et al. Does religious attendance prolong survival? A six-year follow-up study of 3,968 older adults. J Gerontol. 1999;54:M370–M376
  24. Idler EL, Kasl SV. Religion, disability, depression, and the timing of death. American Journal of Sociology. 1992;97:1052–1079
  25. Glass TA, Mendes de Leon C, Marottoli RA, Berkman LF. Population based study of social and productive activities as predictors of survival among elderly Americans. BMJ. 1999;319:478–483
  26. Bagiella E, Hong V, Sloan RP. Religious attendance as a predictor of survival in the EPESE cohorts. Int J Epidemiol. 2005;34(2):443–451
  27. Hummer RA, Rogers RG, Nam CB, Ellison CG. Religious involvement and US adult mortality. Demography. 1999;36:273–285
  28. Oman D, Kurata JH, Strawbridge WJ, Cohen RD. Religious attendance and cause of death over 31 years. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2002;32:69–89
  29. Eng PM, Rimm EB, Fitzmaurice G, Kawachi I. Social ties and change in social ties in relation to subsequent total and cause-specific mortality and coronary heart disease incidence in men. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;155(8):700–709
  30. Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Ironson G, Thoresen C, Powell L, Czajkowski SM, et al. Spirituality, religion and clinical outcomes in patients recovering from an acute myocardial infarction. Psychosom Med. 2007;69(6):501–508
  31. Oxman TE, Freeman DH, Manheimer ED. Lack of social participation or religious strength and comfort as risk factors for death after cardiac surgery in the elderly. Psychosom Med. 1995;57(1):5–15
  32. Koenig HG, George LK, Hays JC, Larson DB, Cohen HJ, Blazer DG. The relationship between religious activities and blood pressure in older adults. Int J Psychiatry Med. 1998;28(2):189–213
  33. Graham TW, Kaplan BH, Cornoni-Huntley J, James SA, Becker C, Hames CG, et al. Frequency of church attendance and blood pressure elevation. J Behav Med. 1978;1(1):37–43
  34. Yeager DM, Glei DA, Au M, Lin H-S, Sloan RP, Weinstein M. Religious involvement and health outcomes among older persons in Taiwan. Soc Sci Med. 2006;63(8):2228–2241
  35. Buck AC, Williams DR, Musick MA, Sternthal MJ. An examination of the relationship between multiple dimensions of religiosity, blood pressure, and hypertension. Soc Sci Med. 2009;68(2):314–322
  36. Musick MA, House JS, Williams DR. Attendance at religious services and mortality in a national sample. J Health Soc Behav. 2004;45:198–213
  37. Puchalski CM. Spirituality and health: the art of compassionate medicine. Hosp Physician. 2001;March:30–36
  38. Hays JC, Meador KG, Branch PS, George LK. The spiritual history scale in four dimensions (SHS-4): validity and reliability. Gerontologist. 2001;41:239–249
  39. Koenig HG. Taking a spiritual history. JAMA. 2004;291(23):2881
  40. Maugans TA. The SPIRITual history. Arch Fam Med. 1996;5:11–16
  41. Scheurich N. Reconsidering spirituality and medicine. Acad Med. 2003;78:356–360
  42. Larimore WL, Peel WC. The saline solution: sharing Christ in a busy practice. Bristol, TN: Paul Tournier Institute; 2000;(115)
  43. Petroski W. Navy vet: Chaplains tried converting me. Des Moines: Des Moines Register, 2007.
  44. Curlin FA, Lawrence RE, Chin MH, Lantos JD. Religion, conscience, and controversial clinical practices. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(6):593–600(597)
  45. Charo RA. The celestial fire of conscience—refusing to deliver medical care. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(24):2471–2473
  46. Charo RA. Health care provider refusals to treat, prescribe, refer or inform: professionalism and conscience. American Constitution Society, 2007.
  47. Santora PB, Henningfield JE. Could religious participation be recommended as a therapeutic intervention for pregnant cigarette smokers?. South Med J. 2008;673–674

PII: S1876-3820(09)00007-9

doi: 10.1016/j.eujim.2009.02.003

European Journal of Integrative Medicine
Volume 1, Issue 1 , Pages 3-7 , April 2009